| Brief description of vegetation (% of total area.): |
The vegetation is the area of birch and aspen-birch forests and island pine forests and grassland are combined with real grass-forb steppes, steppes petrofitnymi and floodplain meadows and steppe. Complex, much dissected landscape of the region makes a great diversity of vegetation, which is continuously replaced by forest, meadow-steppe and steppe petrofitno associations formed in the contact variety of combinations and groupings. Tops and upper slopes of the watershed ridges are usually covered with birch forests of Betula pendula, ground cover which is a mixture of forest and meadow-steppe species. On gentle slopes where the bedrock is covered with a layer of loose sediment, are common meadow community (rarely true), the steppe, in which structure the relationship between turf grasses (Stipa pennata, S. capillata, Festuca valesiaca sl, Koeleria cristata) and forbs vary depending on the moisture . In depressions - small zapadinkah and hollows under the best conditions, wet grasses has a rich structure and can prevail over the prairie grasses. In the lower slopes of ridges where moisture conditions are highly variable, and the bedrock is close to the surface, hidden under a layer of sediment, the meadow-steppe communities differ more diverse. Much of the meadow steppe area currently under cultivation, and they survived only in small areas. In the logs on the slopes of varying steepness and exposure are common shrub steppe with Spiraea crenata, S. hypericifolia, Caragana frutex, Cerasus fruticosa, Cotoneaster melanocarpus, Rosa glabrifolia. Rocky areas with outcrops of rocks on the tops of ridges and steep slopes and lower slopes of river valleys at the edge of the coastal rock outcrops are engaged in a widespread area communities petrofitnyh steppes, whose composition varies considerably depending on the nature of the rocks. For petrofitnyh steppe region are most common Orostachys spinosa, Aizopsis hybrida, Echinops crispus, Artemisia frigida, Aster alpinus, Centaurea sibirica, Scorzonera austriaca, Tanacetum kittaryanum, Alyssum tortuosum, A. lenense, Clausia aprica, Scutellaria supina, Thymus bashkiriensis, T. punctulosus, Ephedra distachya, Ranunculus polyrhizos, Goniolimon speciosum, Dianthus acicularis, Potentilla pensylvanica, Polygala sibirica, Aulacospermum multifidum, Scabiosa isetensis, Onosma simplicissima, Asperula petraea, Allium rubens, A. strictum, A. globosum, Koeleria sclerophylla and others are especially rich in these communities in the western region, where they found the composition of a number of rare species (Potentilla sericea, P. arenosa, P. agrimonioides, Minuartia krascheninnikovii, Astragalus karelinianus, Oxytropis gmelinii, O. baschkiriensis, Hedysarum grandiflorum, Linaria debilis, Saxifraga spinulosa, etc.). In the eastern part of the district on limestone outcrops along the river. Uvelke and its tributaries community petrofitnyh steppes include a number of southern elements characteristic of the steppe zone similar cenoses penetrating and far to the north of this river valley (Astragalus cornutus, Scorzonera stricta, S. taurica, Tulipa patens, Allium decipiens, Cleistogenes squarrosa). On the bottoms of the valleys spread motley band of floodplain meadows, usually in more or less alkaline. Areas with a higher degree of salinity are relatively rare, and halophytic communities, whose composition is relatively poor, do not play a significant role in the vegetation. Swamp area consist mainly of sedge kochkarnikami, but in the west (foothills) of the known rare community minerotrophic melkoosokovo-wort marsh dominated by Carex panicea and C. buxbaumii participation and boreal elements in the southern limit of distribution (Ligularia sibirica, Saussurea parviflora, Utricularia intermedia, Carex capillaris, C. dioica, C. limosa, Salix pyrolifolia), as well as a number of rare species (Epipactis palustris, Herminium monorchis, Dactylorhiza russowii, Liparis loeselii, Spiranthes amoena, Trichophorum pumilum, Carex serotina, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum). A typical element of the vegetation area - island pine forests on granite outcrops that occur in the western (and Karagai Uysky) and in the eastern (Varlamovsky, Sanarsky, etc.) parts of the district and area (together with the surrounding array of birch). The grass cover forest outliers represented by a large number of forest species (Diphasiastrum complanatum, Lycopodium annotinum, Dryopteris filix-mas, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Aconitum septentrionale, Atragene speciosa, Delphinium elatum, Viola mirabilis, Chimaphila umbellata, Moneses uniflora, Pyrola minor, P. media, Trientalis europaea, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Lathyrus gmelinii, Vicia sylvatica, Circaea alpina, Aegopodium podagraria, Conioselinum tataricum, Pleurospermum uralense, Cacalia hastata, Cirsium oleraceum, Crepis sibirica, Saussurea controversa, Lilium pilosiusculum, Maianthemum bifolium, Paris quadrifolia, Cypripedium guttatum, Neottia nidus -avis, Goodyera repens, Neottianthe cucullata, Luzula pilosa, Carex digitata, Calamagrostis obtusata, Melica nutans, etc.), many of them here on the southern border of distribution. |
| title, source, status, category of rarity (animals) |
Птицы
Черноголовый хохотун - Larus ichthyaetus Pallas, 1773, Кк РФ, Кк ЧО (III), (Проект схемы..., 2006).
Насекомые
Красотка блестящая - Calopteryx splendens (Harris. Кк ЧО (III), (Проект схемы..., 2006).
Черный блестящий муравей - Formica picea Nylander, 1846, Кк ЧО (III), (Лагунов, Чичков, 2006).
Муравей прессилабрис - Formica pressilabris Nylander, 1846, Кк ЧО (III), (Лагунов, Чичков, 2006). |